Barrels have a major role to
play in the flavour of our wines. Special attention is paid to the origin of
the oak, the degree of toasting, seasoning methods, and preparation of the
stave wood. SELECTING OAK We select 25 mm thick oak staves (split along the grain) directly at the source. Tests are carried out to diversify origins and increase the complexity that barrel-ageing adds to the wine. The most recent vintages of Smith Haut Lafitte have been aged in rigorously-selected oak from the Tronçais and Nevers forests, chosen for their fine grain. SEASONED OAK Recent research carried out by the Bordeaux Faculty of Oenology has confirmed the importance of seasoning oak before use. Oak that has been seasoned by being left outside and exposed to the elements (during which the sap and undesirable tannins are leached, and the wood is naturally air-dried) is always superior to oak that has been through a steam chamber. The oak we select is set aside and seasoned for 2 years during which time it is regularly sprayed with well water, guaranteeing perfect control over humidity and development of the stave wood. PRODUCTION After seasoning, the oak is once again sorted to eliminate any defects that may interfere with barrel assembly (cross-grains, etc.). The staves are then prepared (shaping with an adze, jointing) for assembly. This stage is particularly important from an economic point of view. It is vital to make the most of every cubic metre of stave wood. The Smith Haut Lafitte's master cooper, Jean Luc Itey, produces barrels on-site. He is thoroughly familiar with the aromatic and aesthetic components of barrels. ASSEMBLY The barrels are assembled the traditional way, en rose (with the staves set out in a circle, like the petals of a flower). The first toasting enables the staves to be bent, which we do slowly over an open fire. A second toasting, or bousinage brings out the oak's toasty, roasted vanilla aromas. This process is very slow and penetrates deeply into the wood. Frequent tastings enable us to fine tune barrelmaking to each type of wine, as well as choose the origin of the oak and the optimum degree of toasting (light, medium, or strong). Our on-site cooperage means we
can conduct any number of experiments and react very quickly to adjust the
barrelmaking process. After the ends are assembled, the barrels are finished off and given their definitive appearance. They are hand-planed and circled with two chestnut bands bound with osier as per the tradition for “château” barrels in Bordeaux. Daniel Cathiard likes to compare this step to selling bread. A traditionally-made, warm, crusty loaf fresh out of the oven is a hundred times better than a frozen loaf sold two days after it was baked… The same thing applies to
wine. Putting fermenting wine that is still warm (while waiting for
malolactic fermentation in oak) into a recently-made barrel with subtle,
fleeting aromas of toast, fresh vanilla, and roast coffee, is guaranteed to
produce something complex and special. |
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Château
Smith Haut Lafitte |